Components of food ( Class 6)

 Components of food

Key Words :

Balanced diet, Beriberi, Carbohydrates, Energy, Fats, Minerals, Nutrients, Proteins, Roughage, Scurvy, Starch , Vitamins.

1. Name the major nutrients in our food.

Ans: The major nutrients in our food are carbohydrates, proteins , fats , vitamins and minerals.

2. Name the major carbohydrates in our food.

Ans: The main carbohydrates found in our food are in the form of starch and sugars.

3. Name the following:

a) The nutrients which mainly give energy to our body .

Ans: Carbohydrates and fats .

b) The nutrients that are needed for the growth and maintenance of our body.

Ans: Protein and minerals.

c) A vitamin required for maintaining good eyesight.

Ans: Vitamin A .

d) A mineral that is required for keeping our bones healthy.

Ans: Calcium.

4. Name two foods each rich in: 

Ans: 

a) Fats -  meat , milk .

b) Starch  -  rice , potato 

c) Dietary fibre -  grain , vegetables

d) Protein -  milk , fish.

5. Tick (✓) the statements that are correct.

a) By eating rice alone , we can fulfill nutritional requirement of our body.

Ans: (X) 

b) Deficiency diseases can be prevented by eating eating a balanced diet.

Ans: ( ✓) 

c) Balanced diet for the body should contain a variety of food items.

Ans: (✓) 

d) Meat alone is sufficient to provide all nutrients to the body.

Ans: (X) .

6. Fill in the blanks.

Ans: 

a) Ricket is caused by deficiency of Vitamin D.

b) Deficiency of vitamin B1 causes a disease known as beri - beri.

c) Deficiency of vitamin c causes a disease known as scurvy.

d) Night blindness is caused due to deficiency of Vitamin A in our food.

e) Carbohydrates mainly provide energy to our body.

f) Dietary fibres are also known as roughage.

7. Write the disorder / diseases caused by deficiency of vitamins and minerals.

Ans: 

Vitamin / Mineral	Deficiency disease / disorder	Symptoms
Vitamin A	Loss of vision	Poor vision, loss of vision in darkness (night) , sometimes complete loss of vision.
Vitamin B1	Beriberi	Weak muscles and very little energy to work
Vitamin C	Scurvy	Bleeding gums, wounds take longer time to heal
Vitamin D	Rickets	Bones become soft and bent
Calcium	Bone and tooth decay	Weak bones, tooth decay
Iodine	Goiter	Glands in the neck appear swollen , mental disability in children
Iron	Anaemia	Weakness

8. What are deficiency diseases?

Ans: Diseases that occur due to lack of nutrients over a long period are called deficiency diseases.

9. What is balanced diet?

Ans: The diet should contain all nutrients, a good amount of roughage and water . Such diet is called a balanced diet.

10. Give an example of ' carbohydrates rich' source of food.

Ans: Rice.