Settlement: Rural and Urban Life

 

1. What are the two types of settlement?

Ans: The two types of settlement are :

a) Urban settlement and

b) Rural Settlement.

2. What are the characteristics of lifestyle in  rural settlement?

Ans: The characteristics of lifestyle in  rural settlement are :

a) People of rural area mainly dependent on agriculture. Nearly 75 percent of people engaged in agricultural activities. They cultivate rice, jute, mustard seed , sesame, pulses and a variety of vegetables. 

b) Apart from cultivation, people in villages also make a living by fishing, poultry farming, domesticating animals , trade and services etc.

c) People in villages normally follow certain social rules and regulations and traditions. Feeling of belongingness, love and care, brotherhood, co-ordination are very strong amongst them. 

d) In rural areas, there is a relationship between different families. The relations among the different families help in uniting the villagers. 

e) The rural people share amongst themselves many things of day to day use along with various tools for cultivation, social institutions, such as Namghar, Masjid, Church,Club etc. exist in a village.

f) They solves  any conflicts or problems through open discussions.

3. What percent of people in the rural areas are involved in agriculture?

Ans: 75 percent.

4. What are the characteristics of lifestyle in urban settlement?

Ans: The characteristics of lifestyle in urban settlement are :

a) An urban settlement develops surrounding trade and commerce, craft industry etc. Around 75 percent or more people in a town are involved on it.

b) The central part of a town is the centre of trade and commerce.

c) Bank, wholesale and retail trading centres, various commercial centres , etc. are situated in urban areas.

d) There are better facilities of education and health in towns.

e) Mode of transport is good.

f) In urban area , the scope for employment is more because of the presence of educational institutions, industry,mills, public and private offices , etc.

g) In urban area, local administrations like municipal corporation, town Committee,etc. are existed.

h) Urban areas have better facilities for entertainment. People in towns get to enjoy their leisure in theatre halls, cinema halls ,zoo , park , sports grounds or stadiums , etc.

5. What type of activity is basically associated with the central part of a town?

Ans: Trade and commerce.

6. Name the town's which are created for industrial facilities.

Ans: Tata , Bhillai, Barauni etc. 

7. Name some religious towns .

Ans: Tirupati, Puri etc .

8. Name a medical town.

Ans: Vellore.

9.Name some tourist towns.

Ans: Darjeeling, Mussoorie etc.

10. What is called urbanisation?

Ans: The process of transformation of rural settlement into urban settlement or further expansion of small towns into big towns is called urbanisation.

11. What is considered as the main basis of urbanisation?

Ans: Population.

12. What is a town?

Ans: A municipal area having a small population and limited functions is generally called a town.

13. What is called City?

Ans: In our country, a municipal area having more than 1 lakh population is called a City.

14.What is called a Metropolis?

Ans: Urban settlement with population of 1 million to 5 million is called a Metropolis.

15. What is a Megalopolis?

Ans: A Megalopolis is a conurbation of big and small towns surrounding a major city.

16. Name two ancient town's which have been discovered in the Indus Valley.

Ans: Harappa and Mahenjodaro.

17. Write about the classification of towns.

Ans: a) On the basis of period of evolution, Indian towns can be divided into three categories: Ancient towns, Medieval towns and Modern towns.

 Varanasi, Prayag, Puri, Madurai, etc. are ancient towns. 

Delhi, Hyderabad, Jaipur, Agra, Nagpur, etc. are example of medieval towns. Such ancient and medieval towns mainly developed on religious and cultural grounds.

 On the other hand, the Britishers and other Europeans in India helped to develop towns like Surat, Goa, Bombay (Mumbai), Madras (Chennai), Calcutta (Kolkata) etc. for administrative and trade purpose. 

Similarly after independence, modern towns started developing such as Chandigarh, Bhopal, Chattisgarh, Bhubaneswar, Gandhinagar, Dispur, etc. primarily as state headquarters or for administrative purpose.

b) On the basis of the cause of development and its functions, towns can be categorised as follows-

a) Administrative towns,

 (b) Commercial towns, 

(c) Industrial towns,

 (d) Tourist towns, 

(e) Transport centric towns, 

(f) Cultural towns, 

(g) Mining towns,

 (h) Garrison towns,

 (i) Educational towns and

 (j) Historical towns.

 Although some towns might have evolved due to some specific cause, they may develop in other aspects as well with the passage of time.

18. Fill in the blank 

Assam is basically an agrarian state.

19. How many full fledged towns are there in Assam administered by municipal corporation?

Ans: 80 .

20. Which city has a Municipal Corporation?

Ans: Only the Guwahati city.

21. Name some towns of Assam.

Ans: Guwahati, Tezpur, Jorhat , Dibrugarh, Nagaon , Silchar, Diphu etc. 

22. Draw a map of towns of Assam.

Ans:

          Source : Google map

23. What are the problems created in towns ?

Ans: The major problems of towns are : 

a) Population growth.

b) Demand for land increases.

c) Problem of migration.

d) Environmental problems created by increase number of vehicles and industries.

e) Misuse of the rivers , drains etc. for dumping garbage.

f) The towns do not have sufficient provision for supply of safe drinking water to its people.

24. What should be the minimum population of a town in India as per census data?

Ans: 5,500 persons.

25. Into how many categories can Indian towns be divided on the basis of period of development?

Ans: 3 categories.

26. Write true or false -

(a) Density is more in rural settlement than in urban settlement.

Ans: False.

(b) Majority of the people in rural settlement are service holders. 

Ans: False.

 (c) New Delhi is an administrative town. 

Ans: False.

(d) Agra is situated by the side of a river.

Ans: True.

(e) Silchar is situated on the bank of the river Barak.

Ans: True.