1. What are the three important realms of the Earth?
Ans: The three important realms of the Earth are -
a) Lithosphere
b) Hydrosphere and
c) Atmosphere.
2 . How many percent of the earth is covered by land area?
Ans: 29 percent.
3.How many percent of the earth is covered by water area?
Ans: 71 percent.
4. What is lithosphere?
Ans: Lithosphere refers to the hard and Rocky surface of the Earth.
5. From where the word lithosphere derived?
Ans: The word lithosphere is derived from the Latin word lithos, which means rocks.
6. How many continents are there in the world?
Ans: 7 continents.
7. Write the names of the continents of the world.
Ans: The names of the continents of the world are -
a) North America
b) South America
c) Europe
d) Asia
e) Africa
f) Australia
g) Antarctica.
8.Which is the largest continent?
Ans: Asia.
9. Write about the Continent of Asia.
Ans: Asia is the largest continent. This large land mass that has the Pacific Ocean in the east, the Ural Mountains in the west, the Indian Ocean to its south and the Arctic Ocean in the north. This is also the most densely populated continent. It has the highest mountain range of the world, called the Himalayas. The highest peak of the world, Mount Everest, is in Nepal. Mount Everest is 8,848 metres above mean sea level.
10. Which hemisphere has more of land mass?
Ans: Northern Hemisphere.
11. Name the highest peak of the world?
Ans: Mount Everest.
12. Where is the Mount Everest located?
Ans: In Nepal.
13. What is the height of Mount Everest?
Ans: 8,848 metres.
14. Name the second largest continent of the world.
Ans: Africa.
15. Write about the continent of Africa?
Ans: Africa is the second largest continent has the Indian Ocean to its east, the Atlantic Ocean in the west, the Mediterranean Sea to its north and the Antarctic Ocean in the south. This continent is the only continent through which the Equator and both Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn pass through. The famous Nile River, which is known as the longest river of the world, flows through this continent. The world's largest dry desert,of the world. It the Sahara Desert, also lies in this continent.
16. Name the continent through which the Tropic of Cancer,Tropic of Capricorn and the Equator pass through?
Ans: Africa.
17. In which continent is the Sahara Desert located?
Ans: Africa.
18. Name the longest river of the world.
Ans: Nile River.
19. Write about North America.
Ans: North America is the third largest continent of the world. It is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean in the west, the Arctic Ocean in the north and the Atlantic Ocean in the east. It is connected to South America by a narrow strip of land called the Isthmus of Panama. Large portions of this continent in the north remain under snow for a large part of the year.
20. Write about South America.
Ans:South America is the fourth largest continent. Most of it lies in the Southern Hemisphere. It has the Pacific Ocean to its west and the Atlantic Ocean to its east. The longest mountain chain of the world called the Andes Mountains, lies on its west side. South America also has the world's largest river the Amazon River, which runs from the Andes Mountains in the west to the Atlantic Ocean in the east.
21. List the oceans surrounding North America in the west, north and in the east.
Ans: In West - the Pacific Ocean.
In the North - the Arctic Ocean.
In the East - the Atlantic Ocean.
22. Name the narrow trip of land which connects North America with South America.
Ans: Isthmus of Panama.
23. Where are the Andes Mountains located?
Ans: Andes Mountains are located in South America.
24. Name the third largest continent of the world.
Ans: North America.
25. Name the largest river of the world.
Ans: Amazon river.
26. Which major river runs across South America?
Ans: The Amazon river.
27. Name the fourth largest continent of the world.
Ans: South America.
28. Name the fifth largest continent of the world.
Ans: Antarctica.
29. Write about the continent of Antarctica.
Ans: Antarctica is the fifth largest continent. The whole continent is covered by a thick layer of snow, hence it is also known as 'the White Continent' or 'the Frozen Continent'. It has an extreme cold climate and so is not inhabited. The scientists of various countries have established their research and exploration centres on this continent. India also has two established research centres here named 'Dakshin Gangotri' and 'Maitri'.
30. Why Antarctica is called as the white continent?
Ans: The whole continent of Antarctica is covered by a thick layer of snow, hence it is also known as 'the White Continent' or 'the Frozen Continent'.
31. Name the sixth largest continent of the world.
Ans: Europe.
32. Name the smallest continent of the world.
Ans: Australia.
33. Write about the continent of Europe.
Ans:Europe is the sixth largest continent. It has the Arctic Ocean to its north and the Atlantic Ocean to its west. To the east, it has the Ural Mountain ranges which separate it from the continent of Asia. To its south is the Mediterranean Sea which separates it from the continent of Africa.
Europe has many small countries and has two seas-the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea which are surrounded by the land mass hence these are also called as landlocked seas.The Alps are the highest mountains of Europe.
34. Write about the continent of Australia.
Ans:Australia is the smallest continent. It is entirely in the Southern Hemisphere. It has the Pacific Ocean to its east, the Indian Ocean to its west and the Antarctic Ocean to its south. It is surrounded by oceans from all the sides hence it is also known as 'an Island Continent'. It has different kinds of plants and animals as compared to the other parts of the world.
35. Which mountain range seperates Asia from Europe?
Ans: Ural mountain range.
36. Name two landlocked seas which are part of Europe.
Ans: The two landlocked seas which are part of Europe are -
a) the Black sea and
b) the Caspian sea.
37. Which is the highest mountain range of Europe?
Ans: The Alps are the highest mountains of Europe.
38. Why is Australia called an island continent?
Ans: Australia is surrounded by oceans from all the sides .Hence it is also known as an 'Island Continent'.
39.What is the importance of lithosphere?
Ans: The importance of Lithosphere are as follows -
1. Lithosphere is the basic source of minerals essential for the needs of human beings. Minerals like various metals, oil, etc., are extracted from the lithosphere.
2. Lithosphere has the soil cover on which crops are grown which give us food and oxygen.
3. Lithosphere being the landmass supports all structures like buildings, roads, rail, etc., that are essential for living and transport.
4. Lithosphere supports the plant and animal life, giving rise to many interacting ecosystems in the nature.
39. What is hydrosphere?
Ans: Hydrosphere means the water on the earth.
40. What are oceans?
Ans: Oceans are vast stretches of water which extend for thousands of kilometres.
41. Write the names of oceans.
Ans: a) The Pacific Ocean
b) The Atlantic Ocean
c) The Indian Ocean
d) The Arctic Ocean and
e) The Antarctic Ocean.
42. Write about Pacific Ocean.
Ans: The Pacific Ocean is the largest ocean. It spreads between Asia and America. It is also the deepest ocean.
43.Write about Atlantic ocean.
Ans: The Atlantic Ocean lies between North and South America on one side (west) and Europe and Africa on the other side (east). The deepest point in this ocean is known as Puerto Rico Trench which is around 8 kilometres deep. This is the busiest ocean for shipping vessels.
44. Name the largest ocean of the world.
Ans: Pacific Ocean.
45.Name the ocean that has been named after a country.
Ans: Indian Ocean.
46. Which ocean has North and South America on one side and Europe on the other side?
Ans: Atlantic ocean.
47.Write about the Indian Ocean.
Ans:The Indian Ocean is the only ocean that has been named after a country. It extends from Africa in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east. It touches all shores of Asia from the South.
48 . Write about the Arctic Ocean.
Ans:Arctic Ocean extends around the Arctic. It is the smallest ocean and also said to be the one with the least average depth. Many countries of the northern Europe and Greenland are on its southern periphery.
49. Write about the Antarctic Ocean.
Ans: The Antarctic Ocean is around Antarctica. It is sometimes referred to as the Southern Ocean. Most part of it stays frozen for nearly four months of the year.
50. What is a glacier?
Ans: Glacier is a moving mass of ice.
51. What is a sea?
Ans: A sea is a large body of saline water that may be connected with an ocean.
52. Give some examples of seas.
Ans: The Mediterranean sea, the Caspian sea, the South China sea, the Arabian Sea, the Bering sea, the Norwegian Sea etc.
53. What are bays?
Ans: Bays are defined a body of water partially enclosed by land but with a wide mouth, affording access to the sea.
54. Give some examples of bays.
Ans: The bay of Bengal, the Hudson bay, the Bay of Biscay etc.
55. What is a gulf?
Ans: A gulf is an arm of a sea or ocean partly enclosed by land.
56. Give some examples of gulf.
Ans: The Gulf of Mexico, the Gulf of Oman, the Gulf of Panama etc.
57. What is a strait?
Ans: Strait is a narrow channel of water connecting seas or parts of the ocean.
58. Name the narrow channel of water connecting India and Sri Lanka.
Ans: The Palk strait.
59. Name the narrow channel of water connecting the Mediterranean sea and the Atlantic ocean.
Ans: The strait of Gibraltar.
60. What is atmosphere?
Ans: The air around the whole Earth is known as atmosphere.
61. Name the layers of the atmosphere.
Ans: The name of the layers of the atmosphere are :
a) Troposphere
b) Stratosphere
c) Mesosphere
d) Thermosphere .
62. Which gas is used by the plants to make their food?
Ans: Carbon -di-Oxide.
63. Write down the importance of nitrogen for plants.
Ans: Nitrogen plays a very important role in converting dead biological material into different forms and fertilisers.
64. What is an ecosystem?
Ans: There is mutual interdependence between the plants and animals as well. Such interdependent living is called ecosystem.
65. Fill in blanks.
1. The term lithosphere is derived from the Latin word lithos.
2. Mount Everest is 8,848 metres above mean sea level.
3. World's largest river the Amazon river runs from Andes Mountains to the Atlantic Ocean.
4. Black Sea and the Caspian Sea are surrounded by land mass hence they are also called as landlocked seas.
5. Australia is known as an island continent.
6. Hydrosphere refers to all the water bodies like oceans, sea, rivers, etc.
66 . State whether true or false.
1. One-third of the land mass is in the Northern Hemisphere.
Ans: False.
2. Europe is the sixth largest continent.
Ans:True.
3. Atlantic Ocean is the largest ocean.
Ans: False.
4. Bays are small land masses surrounded by water bodies.
Ans: True.
5. Palk Strait separates Africa from Asia.
Ans: False.
6. Strait of Gibraltar connects the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean.
Ans: True.
67. Choose the correct option.
1. Which of these is the largest continent?
i) Asia ii) Africa
iii) South America
iv) North America
Ans: Asia.
2. Mount Everest is located in
i) Nepal ii) India
iii) China iv) Pakistan
Ans: Nepal.
3. Sahara Desert is located in
i) Asia ii) Africa
iii) North America
iv) South America
Ans: Africa.
4. Isthmus of Panama connects North America to
i) Africa ii) Asia
iii) South America
iv) None of these
Ans: South America.
5. Andes Mountains are located in
i) Europe ii) Asia
iii) South America
iv) Australia
Ans: South America.
6.' Dakshin Gangotri ' and ' Maitri ' research stations in Antarctica were set up by
i) India ii) America
iii) China iv) Nepal
Ans: India.
7. Which one of the following is the smallest continent?
i) Antarctica ii) Europe
iii) Australia iv) South America
Ans: Australia.
8. Man - made water channels are called
i) glaciers ii) rivers
iii) canals iv) lakes
Ans: canals.
9. Deepest point in the Atlantic Ocean is
i) Mariana Trench
ii) Puerto Rico Trench
iii) Kilimanjaro
iv) None of these
Ans: Puerto Rico Trench.
10. Which of the following gas is used by plants during photosynthesis?
i) Oxygen ii) Nitrogen
iii) Carbon -di-Oxide
iv) Argon
Ans: Carbon -di-Oxide.
11. Which of the following gas plays an important role in converting dead biological material into fertilizers?
i) Helium ii) Oxygen
iii) Argon iv) Nitrogen
Ans: Nitrogen.
12. Biosphere consists of
i) plants ii) animals
iii) microorganisms
iv) all of these
Ans: All of these.
68. Match column A with column B.
|
Column A |
Column B |
|
Antarctica |
|
|
Andes |
|
|
Alps |
|
|
Australia |
|
|
Antarctic Ocean |
|
|
Atlantic Ocean |
|
Ans :
|
Column A |
Column B |
|
Antarctica |
|
|
Andes |
|
|
Alps |
|
|
Australia |
|
|
Antarctic Ocean |
|
|
Atlantic Ocean |
|
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