The East India Company and the Reforms Introduced during their Rule

 Q. What were the important reforms introduced by the British in Indian administration?

Ans: The British government had introduced many reforms in Indian administration. They were as follows: 

a) Governor General Lord Cornwallis had stopped the corrupt Company officials from conducting private business and taking bribes. He increased the salary of the Company officials and introduced their promotion on the basis of seniority. These reforms were known as Cornwallis Code.

b) Secondly, the English wanted to introduce some reforms in the army that would serve their interest in India.

c) Thirdly, they opened police stations and appointed police in provinces occupied by them to maintain peace and order.

Q. Who made the reform of ' decentralisation of power '?

Ans: Lord Dalhousie.

Q. Who appointed and promoted the Indians to higher posts ?

Ans: Lord Moyra or Lord Hastings.

Q. Who made a certain changes for quick and efficient functioning of dewani and sadar courts?

Ans: Lord Cornwallis.

Q. Who appointed Indians in courts of law?

Ans: Lord Hastings.

Q. When was the first postal stamp introduced?

Ans: In 1854 A.D. 

Q. During whose time was the first postal stamp introduced?

Ans: During the time Lord Dalhousie.

Q. Who established the Public Works Department in every state of India?

Ans: Lord Dalhousie.

Q. What is Ryotwari system?

Ans: In the Ryotwari system the farmer or the rayat could pay revenue to the king directly.

Q. Who introduced the permanent settlement system?

Ans: Lord Cornwallis.

Q. What is permanent settlement system? 

Ans: Lord Cornwallis introduced the permanent settlement system. Under this Settlement, the zamindars were the owners of the land but if they could not pay the revenue on time , their land went to the Company government. This system made the zamindars very powerful but brought great suffering to the farmers .

Q. Where was the permanent settlement introduced for the first time?

Ans: The permanent settlement was introduced for the first time in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa.

Q. When was the permanent settlement introduced in Bengal, Bihar and Orissa?

Ans: In 1793 A.D. 

Q. When was the permanent settlement introduced in Assam?

Ans: In 1826 in the districts of Goalpara and Sylhet.

Q. In which year did  Warren Hastings opened a madrasa in Calcutta?

Ans: In 1781 A D.

Q. Who opened a Sanskrit College in Varanasi?

Ans: Jonathan Duncan , in 1792.

Q. During whose time, English was made the compulsory medium of education?

Ans: During the time of Lord William Bentinck.

Q. Write the names of personalities who are associated with the development of the Sanskrit language and literature.

Ans: Iswar Chandra Vidyasagar of Bengal and Ananda Chandra Barua of Assam.

Q. What is goal of the East India Company?

Ans: The goal of the East India Company was to earn profit and get control over the Indian sub continent.

Q. Who was the first to take action against bad practices?

Ans: Sir John Shore.

Q. Who stopped female infanticide in Rajputana, Central India and in Punjab?

Ans: Sir John Shore.

Q. Who stopped the practice of Sati in Bengal?

Ans: William Bentinck.

Q. Who abolished slavery from India?

Ans: William Bentinck.

Q. Write some names of institutions which contributed to regeneration of Indian society.

Ans: The Brahmo Samaj, Prarthana Samaj, Arya Samaj, Ramakrishna Mission etc.

Q. Who founded the Brahmo Samaj?

Ans: Raja Ram Mohan Roy.

Q. When was the Brahmo Sabha founded?

Ans: In 1828.

Q. When was the Brahmo Sabha renamed as Brahmo Samaj?

Ans: In 1830 AD.

Q. Who was the father of Rabindra Nath Thakur?

Ans: Debendra Nath Thakur.

Q. Who is Kaviguru?

Ans: Rabindra Nath Thakur.

Q. Write about Brahmo Samaj.

Ans: 

Many educated Indians had helped the East India Company in their social reforms. The most prominent among them was Raja Ram Mohan Roy of Bengal. Ram Mohan Roy wanted to build a casteless society. He was also against idol worship. In 1828 A.D. he founded the Brahmo Sabha which came to be known as the Brahmo Samaj in 1830 A.D. Later, he was joined by Debendra Nath Thakur, father of Kaviguru Rabindra Nath Thakur. Ram Mohan Roy had helped William Bentinck in abolishing evil practices like sati, female. infanticide etc. He worked for the education of women and Resley widow remarriage. Ram Mohan Roy also tried to reform another bad practice. During those days the Hindus, who ate spe

with the Christians or went abroad for higher education were declared as outcasts by the Hindu society which often forced