1. What are urban areas?
Ans: Centres of population other than rural areas are called urban areas.
2. What are the three groups of industry?
Ans: The three groups of industry are -
a) the primary sector
b) the secondary sector
c) the tertiary sector
3. What is the primary sector?
Ans: The primary sector includes all industry which is based on natural produce . For example, mines , agriculture , forest produce etc.
4. What is tertiary sector ?
Ans:The secondary sector processes the produce from the primary sector and converts them into usable goods. Most of the items collected or produced are not directly usable. They need to be processed to make them fit for use by people or other industry. This sector is also known as the industrial sector.
5. What is tertiary sector?
Ans: Tertiary sector includes all other industries which provide services. They do not produce goods for consumption but facilities or services. For example providers of transport, trading, banking, postal, telephone, medical services. This sector is also known as the service sector.
6. Which sector processes the produce from primary sector?
Ans: The secondary sector.
7. Which sector is called industrial sector?
Ans: The secondary sector.
8. Which sector is called the service sector?
Ans: The Tertiary sector.
9. Name few activities which are a part of service sector.
Ans: Trading, banking, postal, telephone, medical services etc.
10. Classification of cities.
Ans: The census of India classifies towns and cities in terms of the size of the population. The census of India 2001 classified cities in the following six categories:
Class-l: population 1 lakh and above
Class-ll: population 50,000 - 99,999
Class-III: population 20,000 - 49,999
Class-IV: population 10,000 - 19,999
Class-V: population 5,000 - 9,999
Class-VI: population below 5,000
11. Who are self - employed?
Ans: When people have their own business or work as freelancers they are called self - employed.
12. Give an example of self - employed people.
Ans: A fruit vendor.
13. What is labour chowk?
Ans: In cities there were places where labourers came with their basic tools and sat down in the morning waiting for someone to give them work. They may or may not get work. This place used to be on some prominent intersection in the city so that people could come to them from any part of the city and give them work. Such places were traditionally called labour chowk.
14. List any two problems faced by casual wage workers.
Ans: The two problems faced by casual wage workers are:
a) They do not have assurance that they will find work on a regular basis. They have to save the money earned for food and for the needs of their families on the days they do not get work.
b) They have a difficult life as there is no fixed income throughout the month.
15. What are blue collar jobs?
Ans: The blue collar jobs are industrial in nature and needs working on mechanical machines.
16. What are white collar jobs?
Ans: The white collar jobs are those which are office jobs and people have to work from their desks. The white collar jobs are comfortable, well paid and have different work environment. These are mostly for those who are educated. Work in government offices, executives in corporate and big companies are said to be doing white collar jobs.
17. How are rural people and urban people interdependent to each other?
Ans:People from rural areas produce many goods which the urban people need. They have dairy farms, vegetables, other agricultural produce like grains, cotton, sugarcane, etc. All these things are needed by the people in the urban and industrial areas. If the vegetables are not available, life would be difficult.
People migrate from villages to towns in search of work. They earn and take away the saved money to families in their villages. Thus the families get money to spend on their needs which helps growth of business here. Thus we can say both urban and rural people are interdependent.
18. Choose the correct option .
1. Which one of the following is an example of primary sector?
i) agriculture ii) industry iii) transport iv) banking.
Ans: i) agriculture
2. Tertiary sector is also known as
i) primary sector ii) service sector iii) industrial sector
iv) secondary sector.
Ans: ii) service sector
3. Blue collar jobs means the work is in
i) industry ii) offices iii) village iv) none of these
Ans: i) industry
4. Which census classified cities into six categories ?
i) Census of India 1971 ii)Census of India 1981
iii) Census of India 1991 iv) Census of India 2001
Ans: iv) Census of India 2001
5. Class VI Cities have population
i) Below 5000 ii) 5000 and 9000 iii) 1 lakh and above
iv) None of these.
Ans:i) Below 5000
19. Fill in the blanks.
1. Industrial centres require labour and managerial staff.
2. Primary sector is based on natural produce.
3. Secondary sector is also known as industrial sector.
4. Place where the labour wait for people to come and give some work is called labour chowk.
5. The blue collar jobs means the work which is industrial in nature.
20 . State whether true or false
1. Both capital and industrial towns need services to facilitate the comfortable living of people.
Ans: True.
2. Cities normally do not have primary industry.
Ans:True.
3. Educated people are usually employed in white collar jobs.
Ans: True .
4. Regular jobs have fixed working hours.
Ans: False .
5. People migrate from villages to towns for entertainment.
Ans: False.
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