Constituent Assembly of India: Major and Minor Committees


The Constituent Assembly formed several committees to divide the complex work of constitution-making. The Assembly appointed 13 committees, of which 8 were considered major committees, while the remaining committees dealt mainly with procedural, administrative and specific matters. 


I. Major Committees of the Constituent Assembly


No. Major Committee Chairman


1 Union Powers Committee Jawaharlal Nehru

2 Union Constitution Committee Jawaharlal Nehru

3 Provincial Constitution Committee Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

4 Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

5 Drafting Committee Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

6 Rules of Procedure Committee Dr. Rajendra Prasad

7 States Committee Jawaharlal Nehru

8 Steering Committee Dr. Rajendra Prasad



This classification of eight major committees and their chairmen is given in the Government of India's Yojana publication. 


1. Union Powers Committee — Jawaharlal Nehru


The Union Powers Committee examined the distribution and scope of powers between the proposed Union and the provinces. It was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru. Its reports were among the important materials subsequently considered in drafting the Constitution. 


2. Union Constitution Committee — Jawaharlal Nehru


This committee, also chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru, dealt with the broad principles concerning the Union Constitution. It considered important questions relating to the structure and functioning of the central constitutional system. 


3. Provincial Constitution Committee — Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel


The Provincial Constitution Committee was chaired by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel. It examined the constitutional arrangements relating to the provinces, including the organization of provincial governments and legislatures. 


4. Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas — Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel


This was one of the most important committees and was chaired by Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel.


It dealt with:


Fundamental Rights


Safeguards for minorities


Tribal areas


Excluded and partially excluded areas



The committee had several important sub-committees, including the Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee, Minorities Sub-Committee and the Assam/Northeast tribal areas sub-committee. 


5. Drafting Committee — Dr. B. R. Ambedkar


The Drafting Committee was appointed on 29 August 1947, with Dr. B. R. Ambedkar as Chairman.


Its principal responsibility was to prepare the Draft Constitution in accordance with the decisions taken by the Constituent Assembly and the reports of various committees. Ambedkar himself explained this role during the Constituent Assembly debates. 


The original seven members were:


Dr. B. R. Ambedkar — Chairman


N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar


Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar


K. M. Munshi


Syed Mohammad Saadulla


B. L. Mitter


D. P. Khaitan



B. L. Mitter was later replaced by N. Madhava Rau, while D. P. Khaitan was later replaced by T. T. Krishnamachari. 


6. Rules of Procedure Committee — Dr. Rajendra Prasad


This committee was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. It was responsible for framing the rules governing the proceedings and functioning of the Constituent Assembly and its committees. 


7. States Committee — Jawaharlal Nehru


The States Committee, also associated with negotiations with the Indian States, was chaired by Jawaharlal Nehru. It dealt with questions relating to the representation and constitutional relationship of the Princely States with the proposed Union. 


8. Steering Committee — Dr. Rajendra Prasad


The Steering Committee was chaired by Dr. Rajendra Prasad. It helped coordinate and organize the business of the Constituent Assembly. 



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II. Minor / Other Committees


The remaining committees dealt largely with administrative, procedural and specific constitutional matters.


Committee Chairman


Finance and Staff Committee Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Credentials Committee Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar

House Committee B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya

Order of Business Committee K. M. Munshi

Ad hoc Committee on the National Flag Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Committee on the Functions of the Constituent Assembly G. V. Mavalankar

Committee on Chief Commissioners' Provinces B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya



These committee-chairman associations are recorded in parliamentary and Government of India publications. 



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Important Sub-Committees


The Advisory Committee on Fundamental Rights, Minorities and Tribal and Excluded Areas had particularly important sub-committees.


Sub-Committee Chairman


Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee J. B. Kripalani

Minorities Sub-Committee H. C. Mookherjee

North-East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded & Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee Gopinath Bordoloi

Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas (other than Assam) Sub-Committee A. V. Thakkar



The official parliamentary record confirms these chairmen. 


Bardoloi Committee


The North-East Frontier Tribal Areas and Assam Excluded and Partially Excluded Areas Sub-Committee was chaired by Gopinath Bordoloi and is commonly known as the Bardoloi Committee. It was particularly important for the constitutional treatment of tribal areas in Assam and the Northeast. 



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⭐ Most Important Exam Facts


Union Powers Committee → Jawaharlal Nehru

Union Constitution Committee → Jawaharlal Nehru

Provincial Constitution Committee → Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Advisory Committee → Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

Drafting Committee → Dr. B. R. Ambedkar

Rules of Procedure Committee → Dr. Rajendra Prasad

States Committee → Jawaharlal Nehru

Steering Committee → Dr. Rajendra Prasad

Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee → J. B. Kripalani

Minorities Sub-Committee → H. C. Mookherjee

Bardoloi Committee → Gopinath Bordoloi

Excluded Areas Committee (other than Assam) → A. V. Thakkar


Primary/Official Sources


Digital Sansad, Parliament of India — Constituent Assembly and its committees 


Government of India, Yojana — Making of the Indian Constitution 


Parliament Digital Library — Committees of the Constituent Assembly and their Chairmen 


Constituent Assembly Debates / Ministry of External Affairs — role of the Drafting Committee 


Constitution of India — Digitised Constituent Assembly materials and committee reports 

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