1) Who are big farmers?
Ans: Farmers who have large pieces of land ( generally over ten hectors ) are called big farmers.
2)Who are medium farmers?
Ans: The farmers who own between two to ten acres of land are categorised as medium farmers.
3) Who are small farmers?
Ans: The farmers who own less than two acres of land are called small farmers.
4) What is the primary occupation of people living in the villages?
Ans: Agriculture.
5) Name three categories of farmers.
Ans: The three categories of farmers are:
a) big farmers
b) medium farmers
c) small farmers.
6) Who are landless farmers?
Ans: The farmers who do not have land of their own but work for other land owners are called landless farmers.
7) Why are the big farmers not entirely dependent on the monsoon?
Ans: The big farmers not entirely dependent on the monsoon because they have tube wells.
8) Give some examples of non - farm activities.
Ans: Some examples of non - farm activities are-
a) Dairy farming
b) Poultry farming
c) Fisheries
d) Handicraft and small scale industry
e) Business and Trade etc.
9) Why are the big farmers able to produce more than one crop in a year?
Ans: Big farmers have large pieces of land. They are rich and can own or hire machinery to carry out farming activities. They also use good quality seeds, employ high technology machinery. They can employ many people to assist in the farming activities. They normally have tube wells and do not depend much on monsoons .So they can produce more than one crop in a year.
10) Why do small farmers have to take loan?
Ans: Small farmers have less than two acres of land. They are basically depend more on traditional method of farming activities. Their profits from agriculture is small and many times they have to take loans to survive.
11) Why are the farm labourers seasonally employed?
Ans: The big and medium farmers hire the farm labourers during the sowing and cropping season. So the farm labourers are seasonally employed.
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Exercises:
A.Choose the correct option:
1. Primary occcupation of people in the village is
i. industry ii. agriculture iii. aministration iv. none of these
Ans: ii.agriculture.
2. To produce crops one needs
i. seeds ii. fertilisers iii.machinery iv. all of these
ans: iv. all of these.
3.Which of the following farmers don't depend on monsoon?
i. big farmers ii. medium farmers iii.small farmers iv. landless farmers
Ans: i. big farmers.
4. Medium farmers generally own a land between
i. 2 to 10 acres ii. less than 10 acres iii. more than 10 acres iv. more than 12 acres
Ans: i.2 to 10 acres.
5. Which one of the following is an example of non- farm activity?
i. rearing of cows ii. rearing of hens iii. weaving of handlooms iv. all of these
Ans: all of these.
B. Fill in the blanks:
1. Big farmers have generally over ten hectares of land.
2. Landless farmers do not have land of their own.
3. Dairy farming is an example of non - farm activity.
4. Small scale traders sell items of daily needs to the people of the village.
5. In villages there is no public transport for local use.
6. Electronic goods are also called white goods.
C. State whether true or false.
1. All farmers own equal amounts of land.
Ans: False
2. Landless farmers are hired during sowing and cropping season.
Ans: True.
3. Poultry farming is a non - farm activity.
Ans: True.
4. People from towns migrate to village for higher education.
Ans: False.
5. There is no development in the villages.
Ans: False.
D. Match the columns.
Column A Column B
Poultry farming Milk
Dairy farming Eggs
Handicraft industry Less than 2 acres of land
Small farmers Weaving
Medium farmers 2 to 10 acres of land
Ans:
Column A Column B
Poultry farming Eggs
Dairy farming Milk
Handicraft farming Weaving
Small farmers Less than 2 acres of land
Medium farmers 2 to 10 acres of land
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